![锂离子电池储能系统集成与一致性管理](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/45/48280045/b_48280045.jpg)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-5xNF4qq5JeDi2B2GDZPR6FZtJ91P6NWl-0-d265749efee3c596c3399edd8080eed6)
图2-14 静置时,磷酸铁锂电池在不同SOC区间的全频率阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-d8yJVo9dO4MH09jg4FdaOiRFbvhWJ9tA-0-531b949f90525df34c42ea09a214a8b5)
图2-15 不同SOC下的交流阻抗谱(充电过程)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-XrUkmrJZJUZxkfsxZmVgUuABbhs8lV4k-0-16e90f39a944ccaebf7b3532add1d5a9)
图2-16 不同SOC下的交流阻抗谱(放电过程)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-Jo5RVIMB2lz6ldSYL4jwoRPpo3RuWzfi-0-4af38a49dba1a9b2b8fe03d5ee0f10b5)
图2-21 拟合阻抗谱结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-nAB2BHyzr5RkKWup2AsFCJmyxHI8QtJe-0-c7a2f7803bdc99b27a132cbb57490862)
图2-22 电池在不同SOC区间的静态阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-jj9T7NDbx48748ge1fLrGpp1XtxOqHzV-0-49d82e1cced97c2b825dddaf6afa97ee)
图2-24 电池在0.2C充电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-H28J9HFALK4Oba71OAfhZiP8ZRBvfrQ1-0-c7632a1a406a9d7a524acc6fd58f48e7)
图2-26 电池在0.2C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-xBRe3ScxmZoY8Cpp7uOGY76E4lZdhsNh-0-7b3e6655eb9efc75195904112cc24413)
图2-28 电池在0.2C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-rkhOV7YeE2Kakfqq5IW0nS3CJRjkE1gP-0-540e49c6e8e864e99389297d2658bcaa)
图2-30 电池在0.5C充电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-wSOKNAMBAf1E1pJ4ovrydyxkK0oh5xdT-0-4f145818b39d816d6af6e7c4898ed1b4)
图2-32 电池在0.5C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-xvbdV10enjmedtnVNOONBNtLxqUrLFu3-0-a5d5a0874ae46672f62672a08e0f22b9)
图2-34 电池在0.5C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-DjC8T9QKjfmzSoIR60p91g6BZOPQ4wzi-0-919a2ab2a3a4c87d45a3ece8b4ba9767)
图2-36 电池在0.5C充电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-uYU998GdBCwu8pXh7lBGVtZWqtzmxW4W-0-639e601c88fcf8da053aeadadc065bbd)
图2-38 电池在1C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-lj7N7kNPla4QLWkxcknnaXfzRjOu5llj-0-c48e667a7f67ea76192cbaa42e058cbd)
图2-40 电池在1C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-1zKOwLpv5NOrW6ducZpdyJNeAq7jaJyz-0-b450d0036bbbf9264b54a350e898dc2a)
图2-42 电池在1C充电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-h02duICqArFH6XVlhLgJAZVIJxO2HgSk-0-e3230bc5e884afaf4be3b2a4d0f9a855)
图2-44 电池在1C充电过程中,400次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-J5JfMxOeAdCLYq0N61TG7fgbeYgHvgGw-0-7887c071bd205096bc3b376309d5a41c)
图2-46 电池在0.2C放电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-Gm5gHhWdldgjqOQkyTjWAKb7u4sC3olo-0-65ea6e64b165ba7575fdf181a19f109b)
图2-48 电池在0.2C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-JyQj4xxbd2SR5cBqVjGbgcYXXM3dJS8V-0-343864a08362eedc10179de9d97b05da)
图2-50 电池在0.2C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-KuIhXPEYBvlUm82fa18b8jqK3kLVusBl-0-92faf36ed8c9ffab85d1d661ca00bf90)
图2-52 电池在0.5C放电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-2sACZo2nYrzengs3hNRGF3ntCoWtjhrb-0-b9fac57c610b44423bc4253051dc412a)
图2-54 电池在0.5C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-YSQaWh313nqeN3tVZ9PZfprefevJOZ2T-0-237c2ace81d7599644a875a139090cfe)
图2-56 电池在0.5C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-FtuckbBJTlWZRnovbdGoclAEQllemL9i-0-4a61dade79f8571f267514693d6a5e16)
图2-58 电池在0.5C放电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-IUcS1igdJlCe56hu3F183iXRizBMFD8J-0-c73305483a6cb12c596806260ddefe6b)
图2-60 电池在1C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-ImizqTzkZdDdOofPuruDNViZxZEzNrgX-0-998a855b231487520b83fc676d947c56)
图2-62 电池在1C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-bhVFivoqeGIdM0OZmfKYwwQb6XiICvdv-0-06b70fd6b2713b4ff013b0d843d98f7a)
图2-64 电池在1C放电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-tJOUgVvffs05RyWgin76FB11ii2mYnZK-0-abcede3071aa993db17656566d979021)
图2-66 电池在1C放电过程中,400次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-wfyd1wG6bAKYN3ZbHuIx4C79xfo4LeFt-0-0922cf9bbb7af56ec1d40f94dcf71008)
图3-9 圆柱形电池温度分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_03.jpg?sign=1739587910-M0Wh3I6am0T15XE82mmvgXTO1KwxgRcA-0-fb638f1cd5a69d2fdae5ab59d21bd40f)
图3-10 锂离子电池在1C放电工况下正极的电势分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-aXw2Atj4BII6Sx7iHbmOD1ZdffxgyBrV-0-3e32d37d7a615be98ffb67d039a4307e)
图3-11 锂离子电池在1C放电工况下的电流密度分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-PsAZQtLlOpqWrbeTiSbCGs6UCBA7dwAj-0-b52f039a5c5d23c11af7457da0896f04)
图3-17 电池电流密度、电势及温度云图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-7NQfBUBFikjRObDCNIN90DOA2njPrCjC-0-bf903a1bfdb12483c5a2d990aa366f07)
图3-19 电池模块仿真结果示意图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-sL5zkwsSuHQqFH6akUOQP5aFxKgJz8A2-0-da6d6078ee97898c2d5cef9cde160b7d)
图4-14 电池电压实测与辨识结果对比(A01)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-ps55B9JK0UMB8zI3dqnz00DKv9eUtuLJ-0-34091ad901ae56bd15c946c4958dee42)
图4-30 控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-Q6ersUOu3B9VjbAp3ANBp7MaFODmVF4G-0-35a06335c08b113b751d714babf8960b)
图4-31 储能系统总功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-Sno5kAuQHkNYbryuuSPWLwWRJyT0fvEf-0-7c396f971044a4b8496054d65de9b352)
图4-32 各储能单元SOC实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-cD0vGlaUbp8HrNW6OdVmIL8Q0EAC1xrH-0-c94591cf1400eb28c0d2bad6f7fd21a2)
图4-33 各储能单元功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-gl6vkvymSH9pqntTbiE77E63uSlGOf1z-0-34b81d04d160ea16c5f19d1d6133c921)
图4-34 控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-1fujEmlhfqtnaiR36QkOckMhDNO4foDQ-0-07991c63db4aa7a45723a353361987fe)
图4-35 储能系统总功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-mRAKfl46jiLnGerBg6lqRFcOMoabpEGi-0-3cc8d7aa5b539ce9ffc4380d51708a90)
图4-36 各储能单元SOC实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-yKUyGGLKV8EHJ6hZoajW1237CSgNqmDy-0-5743f7b2b488a1975cc14bb861baf7dc)
图4-37 各储能单元功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-Uz0l70BcK0j9HM8zFGbOA75IAD23JJQV-0-9e5267a8c16273343938a361dd329c1b)
图5-14 平滑控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-iuhMGm9jCPyUdn64HDL7AWIkHZIhmxEd-0-98d168428dd92fd3c902fb113bb956f4)
图5-31 平滑风光发电控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_03.jpg?sign=1739587910-mcGaNN2lo08vAG1WqknnGkx9PNDc8MvS-0-35c4667a5b18e634f9f9d5f02ae5d3ae)
图5-32 跟踪计划发电的控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_01.jpg?sign=1739587910-RufO3RsR2U9lbJAs0Txb5tGFq5GKZHUZ-0-9a0336783fc6a7fdc51615947bf10f72)
图5-33 AGC调频控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_02.jpg?sign=1739587910-jiXyuZPbxv3tbARL9Pet3LsWmnn6DMdw-0-d50b9b712c2020edfbf3b9509b784fd8)
图5-37 储能电站8天的功率曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_03.jpg?sign=1739587910-rqjEiO98scoYbGg8qzNe8yRF4wbHQt3J-0-4dd10ca7fde80f2eecca85c88af7441d)
图5-39 调度AGC调频实时曲线